Published Oct 15 2021

‘What Happens Next?’: Should We Decriminalise Psychedelics?

After years of very little pharmaceutical innovation in the treatment of mental illness, psychiatry is on the verge of something big: Psychedelic medicine is emerging as a game-changer.

The evidence of the efficacy of drugs like psilocybin (also known as magic mushrooms) and MDMA, used in conjunction with therapy for mental illness such as depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder, is astounding. And as a society, we could use the help – the 2017-18 National Health Survey estimated that 1 in 5, or 4.8 million Australians, reported having a mental or behavioural condition, and the impact of the pandemic has only exacerbated the issue.

But the sociopolitical atmosphere surrounding illegal drugs – including psychedelics – has made research and development a difficult proposition.


Read more Psychedelic research renaissance: The urgent quest for new mental health medicines


On a new episode of What Happens Next?, Susan Carland considers the political landscape surrounding drug legalisation with Turning Point Director and Monash University Professor of Addiction Studies Dan Lubman, as well as the cultural context of drug use with medical anthropologist and Convenor of Anthropology in the Monash School of Social Sciences Andrea Whittaker.

She’s also joined by Paul Liknaitsky, head of Monash’s Clinical Psychedelic Research Lab, and Arthur Christopoulos, Dean of the University’s Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences to discuss the promise of psychedelic therapy – and what things will look like if we fail to engage in the “psychedelic renaissance.”

“We're still at an early phase of research in this field, but the results to-date have been nothing short of remarkable.”

Paul Liknaitsky

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About the Authors

  • Susan carland

    Director, Bachelor of Global Studies, and Lecturer, School of Language, Literature, Cultures and Linguistics

    Susan's research and teaching specialties focus on gender, sociology, contemporary Australia, terrorism, and Islam in the modern world. Susan hosted the “Assumptions” series on ABC’s Radio National, and was named one of the 20 Most Influential Australian Female Voices in 2012 by The Age.

  • Arthur christopoulos

    Dean, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences

    Arthur’s research crosses academic and industry boundaries, incorporating computational and mathematical modelling, structural and chemical biology, molecular and cellular pharmacology, medicinal chemistry, and models of behaviour and disease.

  • Paul liknaitzky

    Head, Clinical Psychedelic Research, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences

    Paul is Head of the Clinical Psychedelic Lab, and Senior Research Fellow in the Department of Psychiatry at Monash University. He has played a central role in establishing the field of clinical psychedelic research in Australia, and is the principal investigator on a program of psychedelic trials. He leads the country’s largest and most experienced group of psychedelic researchers and clinicians, is involved in numerous psychedelic studies across the country, and collaborates with many international experts and organisations in the field. He has led several world-first studies, including the first trial to use psilocybin in the treatment of a primary anxiety condition, the first study testing the utility of psilocybin as a therapist training tool, and the first trial testing a psychedelic-augmented virtual-reality treatment. In Australia, he established the first psychedelic lab, coordinated the first applied psychedelic therapist training program, and obtained the first industry funding for psychedelic research. Together with clinical and industry colleagues, he co-founded Australia’s first purpose-built psychedelic-assisted therapy clinic. He is regularly invited to speak on psychedelic science for academia, medical peak bodies, industry, and government. His work is focused on investigating novel applications for psychedelic therapies, translating evidence into best clinical practice, exploring under-examined risks, delivering next-generation therapist training, and improving access and affordability.

  • Dan lubman

    Professor Addiction Studies and Services, Monash University and Director, Turning Point and Monash Addiction Research Centre

    Dan has worked across mental health and drug treatment settings in the UK and Australia. His research includes investigating the harms associated with alcohol, drugs and gambling, the impact of alcohol and drug use on brain function, the relationship between substance use, gambling and mental disorder, as well as the development of targeted telephone, online and face-to-face intervention programs within school, primary care, mental health and drug treatment settings.

  • Andrea whittaker

    Professor, Convenor of Anthropology, School of Social Sciences

    Professor Andrea Whittaker is the convenor of anthropology in the School of Social Sciences, Faculty of Arts. She has achieved international standing in the field of medical anthropology. Her research spans the disciplines of anthropology, international public health, Asian studies, and gender studies. Her current research projects include the study of global medical trade and mobility, oocyte mobilities in Southern Africa; reproductive travel and biotechnologies in the Asia Pacific, including issues of gender, religion, bioethcs and global regulation of the trade; antimicrobial resistance; and social isolation among HIV-positive people in Queensland.

  • Meaghan o'donnell

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